Hose coupling and method of making the same



c. c. cADDEN Er L l v1,969,203

HOSE COUPLING AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Aug. 7, 1934.

Filed June 14. 1932 ff f/ 16J/9 /f I 7-4 mgm n' -lyacww' Patented ug. 7, 1934 UNITED STATES, PATEN T, OFI-lcs nose courante AND Marnon or* 'rim snm Charles C. Cadden and Harry A.Bourne, Akron,

Ohio, assignors to vThe B. F. Goodrich Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation oi New 'Yorkv Application `inne 14,

provided, the construction has often been undesirably complex and uneconomical, it having been I dimcult to provide the two characteristics of adequate iiuid tightness and simplicity of construction in the same structure. The dimculty of providing satisfactory duid-tightness has been present especially with hose having a cover of brous fabricwmaterial, the end of which has often been crowded in the coupling to a position of vulnerability'so that the uid finding its way to the end of the cover through crevices in the inner coupling wall or hose surface has been caused to leai: along the cover by the action of ,capillarity. Expediente involving the use of a sealing ring or washer have been used, but the prior constructions have been such that crowding of the end of the hose cover to a vulnerable position of accessibility to the fluid has not always been avoided, and the prior constructions have in many cases been subject to the objection that the annular zone at the hose end between the iluid and the end of the hose cover has had an inadequate seal,

with respect to both sealing pressure of the sealing zone.

The chief objects of this invention areto provide with economy and simplicity of structure and procedure an improved coupling, and to provide a coupling and procedure for making the same in which the above discussed dimcultiesare to a large extent avoided.

'Ihese and further objects will be apparent from the following description, refere the drawing, in' which:

Fig. 1 is an elevation, partly brokenjawaytand sectioned, of assembling tools and associated therewith a hose end and a coupling at an intermediate stage in the procedure of assembling the hose and coupling according to' a preferred form of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a view similar to that of Fig. 1 but .showing the coupling and hose end finally assembled.

Figs. 3 and 4 are longitudinal sections, partly broken away, of nnally assembled couplings and hose ends, showing modiiled constructions.

and Ywidth ses end, and where adequate iiuid tightness has been nce being had to` 1932, Serial No. 617,124

Referring to the drawing, the hose illustrated is of a type commonly used in connection with .service fuel pumps and comprises a rubber body 10, an inner, exible, metallic liner 11, and an outer, woven fabric cover 12.

The coupling of Fig. 1 comprises a body portion 13 having an inner nipple 14 and an outer f sleeve 15 integral with the body and defining hetween them an annular chamber for accommodating the hose end.

For holding the hose end in locking and sealing relation to the coupling, the hose body 10 and cover 12 are held compressed between the outer sleeve of the coupling and the metallic liner 11 of the hose by a reductionin diameter of the sleeve from the preliminary enlarged size shown at 15 in Fig. 1 to the 16 in Fig. 2. l

Preparatory to the assembly operation, the end portion of the hose cover 12 preferably is removed so that the cover terminates short of the hose end, as shown at 1,7, to lessen materially the vulnerability of its position in the nal structure in relation to the fluid conducted by the hose.

'Ihe hose is then inserted into the chamber of the coupling in end to end' abutment with a dis'- tortable washer or sealing ring 18, preferably of rubber composition that has previously beenpositioned against the end wall of the coupling chamber. The washer 18 is preferably formed with an annular lipy'19 projecting in an axial direction from the body of the washer atthe outer periphery of the latter, which lip provides mate,- rial 'for filling the space left by the removed cover iinaly reduced size shown at material, and the lip isso disposed'that it may be4 90 eifectively compressed in' a radial .direction against the hose wall atthe same time that the washer is crowded againstl the walls of the cou-` pling and hose by thevoperation ofl compressing the coupling sleeve upon the hose.

The operation of compressing the coupling sleeve upon the hose is preferably carried outl by means of a swaging die 20, shown in-section in Fig. 1, by a relative movement of the die with re-` spect to the coupling from right .to left in Fig. 1, starting at or to the right of thez zone of the washer 18 and continuing along the coupling sleeve up toa position just short of the mouth end of the sleeve, the portion of the vsleeve beyond that position being left uncompressed to formthe bell mouth 21. The die is diametrically split to permit assembly and disassembly. This operation may be conveniently effected in an arbor press.

During the die movement, movement of the coupling is 4resisted preferably by means of a clamping and abutting device which may consist of members 22, 22 formed with an aperture between them of such small size as to permit secure 5 clamping of the hose and having a grooved seating portionv 23l adapted to be engaged by the mouth end of the coupling sleeve. The hose is `clamped by the device 22 preferably at a position somewhat to the left of the mouth of the lcoupling so that at the start of the relative movement of the die and clamp toward each other, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. `1, the hose and washer are caused to be forcibly pressed endwise into the coupling chamber to ll the space therein, the relative movement of the clamp and coupling sleeve to their abutting positions permitting this, and as the relative die and clamp movement is continued to reduce the diameter of the sleeve the hose and washer are ilrmly compressed radially between the walls of the chamber, while these parts are thus held pressed endwise therein, to provide a secure locking engagement with the coupling and an effective seal at the end wall of the chamber.

By the abutment of the clamp and coupling sleeve during the swaging operation elongation of the sleeve is-resisted and the distortion of the 'I'he swaging down of the coupling sleeve at the zone of the hoseend while the hose is positively and forcibly held and pressed axially into the coupling gives a high degree of assurance 'that there will be no voids or unfilled crevices in the nal structure that might result in leakage, and the forcible axial crowding lof the hose into lthe coupling without the likelihood of forcing the end of the hose cover to a vulnerable position of accessibility to the fluid is facilitated by the terminatioh of the hose cover short of the hose end.'

In the final structure the huid is barred from creeping along the coupling wall and reaching the end 1'1 of the hose covering by the sealing material which is eectively held compressed against they coupling not only over the entire radial extent of the end wall of the chamberbut also for a distance axially along the inner face of the sleeve corresponding in extent to the amount of cover removed. Thus, due to the separation of the end ofthe cover from the fluid by the extensive sealing zone and due to the eifective sealing pressure along this zone, the fluid is, effectively barred from reaching. the end of the cover and leakage by the action of capillarity along \/the cover is accordingly prevented.

lpling-in any The nipple 14 may be integral with the coupling body as shown in Figs. land 2, or it may be an independent member assembled with the .cou-

suitablel manner. The principal function -of the nipple is -to prevent particles of the body 10 of the hose and the washer 18 from becoming entrained in the fluid by passage into the latter at the end of the hose, although, if

desired, the nipple maybe utilized also as an auxiliary to the hose liner yielding of the compressed hose wall.

In the modification of Figs. 3 and 4 the construction is the same in Fig. 2 except that the chamber, a hose having its wall in said chamber for resisting inwardv nipple is not integral with the coupling body. In Fig. 4 the nipple 25 is flanged at right angles l and is held with its ange pressed in an axial direction against the end wall of the chamber: In Fig. 3 the nipple 26 has a frusto-conical end ange yabutting a correspondingly shaped seat 27 in the,

coupling body. This latter construction has the advantage of a centering action of thetapered surfaces which facilitates the provision of flush inner surfaces of the nipple and coupling body, and this construction,I moreover, has the advantage that the pressure `of the compressed hose wall and washer both in the axial and in the radial directions is vutilized to press the nipple against its seat.

It will be seen that-the objects of a high degree of fluid tightness and locking strength of the coupling upon the hose end are attained with economy and simplicity of construction and. procedure.

yariations may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as it is defined in the following claims:

We claim:

1. A hose. coupling assembly comprising, in

combination, a coupling body element, an outer sleeve element and an inner tubular element having between them a hose-wall chamber, a hose having its wall positioned in said chamber, and a distortable ,sealing ring positioned between the combination, a coupling body element, an outer sleeve element and an inner tubular element having between them a hose-wall chamber, a hose `having its wall positioned in said chambenand a distortable rubber sealing ring positioned between the end wall -of said chamber and the end surface of the hose, said hose having a fibrous cover terminating short of the end of the hose 'wall and said ring having an annular lip held radially compressed'between the outer sleeve element and the uncovered portionof said hose wall.

4. A hose coupling assembly comprising, in'

combination, an integral coupling body and outer sleeve element, an inner tubular element, said elements having between them a hose-wall and having a cover of fibrous material, and a distortable sealing ring positioned between the end walll of said chamber andthe end surface of the hose, said ring` having an annular lip positioned between the outer sleeve element and the hose .wall and said outer sleeve and inner tubular elements being of less `radial spacing than the normal thickness of the hose wall' and holding `the hose and the lip ring compressed therebetween.

H 5. A hosefcoupling assembly comprising in com- .binationw an integral boupling body and outer sleeve element, an inner tubular element, said elements having between them a hose-wall chamber, a hose having its wall in said chamber and having a cover of fibrous material terminating short of thehose end, and a distortable sealing ring at saidhose end, said outer sleeve and inrocosos radial spacing then the normal meer or the hose well and hol the ring ond hose woll compressed' therebetween. f

6. A hose coupling .assembly comprising, in combination, on integral coupling body und outer sleeve element, on inner tubular element, seid elements having between them e hose Well chember, a, hose having its wall held inisoid at, ber, and o distortoble ses ring ot the hose end, seid coupling body having on annuler por tion projecting from the end well et said chem ber ot the bore of the coupling ond presenting e seat facing et leest in port rodi toward seid ring, the end portion oi seid inner tubular element lying against seid seat, and seid outer sleeve et the zone oi seid scot being oi smaller inner diameter than the normal outer diter oi? the hose and by compression oi said ring holding sold tubular element pressed against the soot.

7. The method of making a hose coupling ossembly which comprises positioning within o coupling chamber defined by an inner tubular `element and on integral body und outer tubular ele-= ment, a hose end in association with en end seol= ing ring contacting the end surface oi the hose and having en. annular lip coextensive axially with s. portion of the hose wall, and then ree ducing the radial spacing of said inner and outer tubular elements to compress the intervening mos terial at the zone of said lip ring by distor tion of at leest one of the sold tubular elements ot seid zone and then progressively toward the coupling mouth.

y. A method ss dedned in claim 7 in which the outer tubular element is reduced in diameter by die swaging progressively in the soid exiol direction.

9. A method as defined in claim 'l in which the outer tubuler element is reducedein diemeter by die swaging progressively in. the seid uxiul direction While simultaneous movement oi the die and coupling is resisted by on abutment st the coupling mouth und While the hose is held pressed axially into the coupling chamber.

10. The method of 1" es i. 8, hos@ wlllillllg b5" sembly which comprises pressing a hose end exially within o, coupling chamber defined by on inner tubular element d on integral body end outer tubulor element, and reducing the diameter of seid outer tubular element ot'the zone of the hose end and prssively toward the mouth of the coupling to compress the hose well between the wells oi seid chber while hol the hose end so pressed within the chamber ond while resisting axial movement of the coupling by on abutment et the coupling mouth.

li. The method of making a, hose coupling essembly which comprises removing the end rgin' o the cover or c, fabric covered hose, position= ing the "nose end in association with an end seal= ing ring within o coupling chamber donned by ,en inner tubular element and on integral body and outer tubular element, and while holding the hose pressed axially into said coupling chamber reducing the diameter of seid outer tubular eleL11 ment ut the zone of sold sealing ring and progres1 sively tov/ord the mouth of the coupling to come press the hose wall and sealing ring between the walls oi seid chamber.

i2. The method 'of ,n .f a, hose coupling which comprises positioning the end oi u hose within o coupling chamber deiined by e coupling body und inner and outer tubular elements, and reducing the radial spacing of said inner and outer tubular elements to compress the hose wall ytherebetween by reducing the diameter of the outer tubular element substantially Without eii'ecting axial elongationthereof.

13. 'The method of making a hose coupling which comprises: positioning the end of o, hose Within o coupling chamber defined by a, coupling body, on inner tubular element and en outer sleeve, und compressing the sleeve upon the hose by reducing the sleeve in diameter at the said end of the hose und progressively in the direction toward the opposite end of the hose substantially without eecting axial elongation of the sleeve.

i4. A method es defined in claim 13 in which the sleeve is reduced in diameter by die swaging in the said axial direction while axial elongation of the sleeve is resisted by an abutment et the mouth end oi the sleeve.

l5. The method of making a, hose coupling which comprises positioning the end of o. hose in e coupling chamber definedby a. coupling body, on inner tubular element and an outer sleeve,

applying a clamp to the hose et a position elije-I lil@ 

